Periods of Revelation:-
All the Muhammadan scholars and other researchers of the Quran agree, that it was 'revealed' to Muhammad during TWO distinct periods of his life, namely, the first 13 years in Mecca, followed by the next 10 years in Madina.
There is no doubt that the Meccan period 'revelations', when he was weak and without much support, were mostly conciliatry, reasonable, forgiving and compassionate.
The theme, content and direction of the verses that were 'revealed' to him in Madina, are exactly opposite and reflect the fact that he was then at the head of a band of armed robbers who swore allegiance to Muhammad's person, to obey and protect him and in return he promised them that in death while fighting for his cause, they would end up in his version of Paradise.
The Madinan verses are full of anger, hatemongering, warmongering, and incitement to do evil to all those who do not believe in
'Allah AND in Muhammad as his messenger'
According to the Muhammadan exegetes, the verses of the Madina period ABROGATED (Overturned) those of the Mecca period.
There are 71 Suras containing Abrogating and Abrogated verses. They constitute 62.28% of the 114 suras of the Quran.
Al Suyuti confirms that, for example, that the verse of the 'Sword' 9:05, Abrogated 124 conciliatry verses that were 'revealed' in Mecca.
It seems that Muhammad's Allah did not know or understand his own creation among the followers of Muhammad especially.
The following analysis is based upon the Muhammadan theological interpretations:
Whether it is a Makki or a Madani Surah is disputed, and the difference of opinion has been caused by the traditions which have been related concerning the occasion of its revelation. We give them below ad seriatum:
1. Hadrat Abdullah bin Masud has reported that the Quraish said to the Holy Prophet (upon whom be be peace): "Tell us of the ancestry of your Lord." Thereupon this Surah was sent down (Tabarani).
2. Abul Aliyah has related on the authority of Hadrat Ubayy bin Kab that the polytheists said to the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace): Tell us of your Lord's ancestry. Thereupon Allah sent down this Surah.
(Musnad Ahmad, Ibn Abi Harim, Ibn Jarir, Tirmidhi, Bukhari in At-Tarikh, Ibn al-Mundhir, Hakim, Baihaqi).
Tirmidhi has related a tradition on the same theme from Abul Aliyah, which does not contain any reference to Hadrat Ubayy bin Kab, and has declared it to be more authentic.
3. Hadrat Jabir bin Abdullah has stated that a bedouin (according to other traditions, some people) said to the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace): "Tell us of your Lord's ancestry."Thereupon Allah sent down this Surah.
(Abu Yala, Ibn Jarir, Ibn al-Mundhir, Tabarani in Al-Ausat, Baihaqi, Abu Nuaim in Al-Hilyah).
4. Ikrimah has related a tradition form Ibn Abbas, saying that a group of the Jews, including Kab bin Ashraf, Huyayy bin Akhtab and other, came before the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace) and said: "O Muhammad (upon whom be Allah's peace and blessings), tell us of the attributes of your Lord, Who has sent you as a Prophet." Thereupon Allah sent down this Surah.
(Ibn Abi Hatim, Ibn Adi, Baihaqi in Al-Asma was-Sifat).
In addition to these, some other traditions also have been cited by Ibn Taimiyyali in his commentary of Surah Al-Ikhlas, which are as follows:
5. Hadrat Anas has stated that some Jews of Khaiber came before the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace) and they said: "O Abul Qasim, Allah created the angels from light, Adam from rotten clay, Iblis from the flame of fire, the sky from smoke, and the earth from the foam of water. Now tell us about your Lord (of what He is made)." The Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace) did not give any reply to this question. Then Gabriel came and he said: "O Muhammad, say to them: Huwa Allahu ahad."
6. Amir bin at-Tufail said to the Holy Prophet: "O Muhammad, what do you call us to?" The Holy Prophet replied: "To Allah." Amir said: "Then, tell us of what He is made, whether of gold, silver, or iron?" Thereupon this surah was sent down.
7. Dahhak, Qatadah and Muqatil have stated that some Jewish rabbis came before the Holy Prophet, and they said: "O Muhammad, tell us what is your Lord like, so that we may believe in you. Allah in the Torah has sent down His description. Kindly tell us of what He is made, what is His sex, whether He is made of gold, copper, brass, iron, or silver, and whether He eats and drinks. Also tell us from whom He, has inherited the world, and who will inherit it after Him." Thereupon Allah sent down this Surah.
8. Ibn Abbas has reported that a deputation of the Christians of Najran along with seven priests visited the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace), and they said: "O Muhammad, tell us what is your Lord like and of what substance He is made." The Holy Prophet replied: "My Lord is not made from any substance: He is unique and exalted above everything." Thereupon Allah sent down this Surah.
These traditions show that different people on different occasions had questioned the Holy Prophet (upon whom be peace) about the essence and nature of the Allah to Whose service and worship he invited the people, and on every occasion he recited by Allah's command this very Surah in response. First of all, the pagans of Quraish asked him this question in Makkah, and in reply this Surah was sent down. Then, at Madinah, sometimes the Christians, and sometimes the other people of Arabia, asked him questions of this nature, and every time, Allah inspired him to recite this very Surah in answer to them. In each of these traditions, it has been said, that this Surah was revealed on this or that occasion.
From this, one should not form the impression, that all these traditions are mutually contradictory. The fact is, that whenever there existed with the Holy Prophet a verse or a Surah previously revealed in respect of a particular question or matter, and later the same question was presented before him, Allah inspired him to recite the same verse or Surah to the people as it contained the answer to their question. The reporters of Hadith describe the same thing, saying: When such and such a question or matter was presented before the Holy Prophet, such and such a verse or Surah was revealed. This has also been described as repetition of revelation, i.e. the revelation of a verse or Surah several times.
*** From the above accounts, an extremely important conclusion can be derived:
That EVERY so called 'revelation' was very conveniently 'descended' AFTER an event, a question or a deed. Allah, it seems was always ready to INSPIRE Muhammad as and when he needed a 'revelation'.
The reader should carefully dwell upon these events and explanations as they are at the very heart and foundation of Muhammadan Islam.
If one concludes that there is something UNGODLY about them, then the whole edifice and veracity of the Quran would crumble.
Moreover, the above conclusions by the Muhammadan scholars are not true, since it is the Ahadith that reveal, that different Huffaz/Memorizer were instructed by Muhammad in different versions of the same Verse; so much so, that Muhammad had to concoct the story that the Quran was
'revealed to him in SEVEN MODES"
(Bukhari 3.601, 4.442, 6.513/4; Tirmidi 2215; Muwatta 15.5 etc)***
Thus, the fact is that this Surah is Makki, rather in view of its subject matter a Surah revealed in the earliest period at Makkah, when detailed verses of the Quran dealing with the essence and attributes of Allah Almighty had not yet been revealed, and the people hearing, the Holy Prophet's invitation to Allah, wanted to know what was his Lord like to whose worship and service he was calling them. Another proof of this Surah's being one of the earliest Surahs to be revealed is that when in Makkah Umayyah bin Khalaf, the master of Hadrat Bilal, made him lie down on burning sand and placed a heavy stone on his chest, Bilal used to cry "Ahad, Ahad!" This word was derived from this very Surah.
*** It is interesting to note, that Bilal's declaration of faith "Ahad, Ahad!" which means "ONE, ONE!" is not from the Arabic but from the Hebrew language.
In Arabic ONE is 'Wahid' ***
Theme and Subject Matter
A little consideration of the traditions regarding the occasion of the revelation of this Surah shows what were the religious concepts of the world at the time the Holy Prophet began to preach the message of Tauhid. The idolatrous polytheists were worshipping gods made of wood, stone, gold, silver and other substances. These gods had a form, shape and body. The gods and goddesses were descended from each other. No goddess was without a husband and no god without a wife. They stood in need of food and drink and their devotees arranged these for them. A large number of the polytheists believed that God assumed human form and there were some people who descended from Him. Although the Christians claimed to believe in One God, yet their God also had at least a son, and besides the Father and Son, the Holy Ghost also had the honour of being an associate in Godhead: so much so that God had a mother and a mother-in-law too. The Jews also claimed to believe in One God, but their God too was not without physical, material and other human qualities and characteristics. He went for a stroll, appeared in human form, wrestled with a servant of His, and was father of a son, Ezra.
Besides these religious communities, the zoroastrians were fire worshippers, and the Sabeans star worshippers. Under such conditions when the people were invited to believe in Allah, the One; Who has no associate, it was inevitable that questions arose in the minds as to what kind of a God it was, Who was one and Only Lord and invitation to believe in Whom was being given at the expense of all other gods and deities. It is a miracle of the Quran that in a few words briefly it answered all the questions and presented such a clear concept of the Being of Allah as destroyed all polytheistic concepts, without leaving any room for the ascription of any of the human qualities to His Being.
*** Yet once more, the scholars of Muhammadan Islam, completely ignore what does not suit them in the recorded and real world and concentrate on perverted and out of context items to 'prove' the superiority of Muhammadan monotheism over all others.
Since they admit, that Abraham was 'Khalil u Allah/ The Friend of Allah' and since this qualification was plagiarised from the Torah because God 'befriended' Abraham in a personal manner, then they should not accuse the 'Jews' of describing God in a physical form.
The mendacious allegation, that the Jews claim that Ezra is the 'son of Allah' is mentioned in-
Quran 9: 30 " The Jews call Uzair a son of Allah and the Christians call Christ the son of Allah. That is a saying from their mouths; (in this) they but imitate what the unbelievers of old used to say. Allah's curse be on them: how they are deluded away from the truth!"
*** This stupid and unsubstantiated claim is based entirely on Muhammad's invariable misunderstanding - as usual - of the Biblical stories and there is not a single follower of Muhammad who can show where and when this occured in the tradition of the most MONOTHEISTIC people on earth, the JEWS, long before Muhammad and his Quran.
The followers of Muhammad very conveniently forget, that it was BECAUSE of the Jews of Arabia and their belief in the One and Only God of Israel, that Muhammad was INSPIRED to create for his pagan Arabs a scripture similar to that of the Jews.
They also cannot refute the fact, that almost the entirety of the stories, precepts and laws of the Quran were and are PLAGIARISED, PLUNDERED, PIRATED and or PERVERTED from the religions, scriptures, traditions and fetishes of the Jews, Christians, Zoroasterians and pagan Arabs.
Moreover, the Quran is FULL of ANTHROPOMORPHIC Charcteristics that describe Allah ***
Merit and Importance
That is why the Holy Messenger of Allah (upon whom be peace) held this Surah in great esteem, and he made the Muslims realize its importance in different ways so that they recited it frequently and disseminated it among the people. For it states the foremost and fundamental doctrine of Islam (viz. Tauhid) in four such brief sentences as are immediately impressed on human memory and can be read and recited easily. There are a great number of the traditions of Hadith, which show that the Holy Prophet on different occasions and in different ways told the people that this Surah is equivalent to one-third of the Quran. ……The commentators have given many explanations of the Holy Prophet's saying this. But in our opinion it simply means that the religion presented by the Quran is based on three doctrines: Tauhid, Apostleship and the Hereafter. This Surah teaches Tauhid, pure and undefiled. Therefore, the Holy Prophet (upon whom he Peace) regarded it as equal to one-third of the Quran.
A tradition on the authority of Hadrat Aishah has been related in Bukhari, Muslim and other collections of the Ahadith, saying that the Holy Prophet sent a man as leader of an expedition. During the journey he concluded his recitation of the Quran in every Prayer with Qul Huwa-Allahu ahad. On their return him companions mentioned this before the Holy Prophet. He said: "Ask him why he did so." When the man was asked, he replied: "In this Surah the attributes of the Merciful God have been stated; therefore, I love to recite it again and again." When the Holy Prophet heard this reply, he said to the people: "Inform him that Allah holds him in great love and esteem."
A similar incident has been related in Bukhari, on the authority of Hadrat Anas. He says: "A man from among the Ansar led the Prayers in the Quba Mosque. His practice was that in every rakah he first recited this Surah and then would join another Surah to it. The people objected to it and said to him: 'Don't you think that Surah Ikhlas is by itself enough? Why do you join another Surah to it? You should either recite only this surah, or should leave it and recite some other Surah'. He said: 'I cannot leave it, I would rather give up leadership in the Prayer, if you so desired'. The people did not approve that another man be appointed leader instead of him. At last, the matter was brought before the Holy Prophet. He asked the man, 'What prevents you from conceding what your companions desire? What makes you recite this particular Surah in every rakah?' The man replied: 'I have great love for it.' The Holy Prophet remarked: 'Your love for this Surah has earned you entry into Paradise'."
*** The mendacity, hypocricy, perversion of history and the contortion of religious scriptures of both the interpreters of the Quran and its translators know no bounds. Let us look at the FACTS:
1. Neither Muhammad nor his followers from among the pagan Arabs had any knowledge of previous revelations - as the Quran itself attests to in several verses - prior to Muhammad plagiarising whatever he needed from the Bible, Scriptures and others.
2. Since they had no such knowledge - excepting what they learned from the Jewdaized and Christian Arabs - then it would have been impossible for them to know about Abraham or any of the characters in the Bible that they themselves subsequently and very conveniently plagiarised, plundered, pirated and or perverted to suit their theological agenda.
3. Prior to the Quran, there was not single pagan Arab who had any of the names of the prophets of the Bible that the Quran mentions.
If the Arabs had such knowledge, especially of the most important Abraham and Ishmael, who were supposed to have been their ancestral fathers, then it boggles the mind, that they had not named any of their descendants after these illustrious ancestors. After all, Muhammad's name is given to almost 30% of his followers.
4. The concept of Tawheed was copied entirely from the Jewish 'SHEMA' extolling the unity of God.
5. Since the Muhammadans themselves claim to be descended from Ishmael and Abraham - both of whom were Hebrews - then calling Abraham Khalil'ullah (companion of Allah) is based on the stories plagiarised from Genesis wherein God befriended Abraham in the shape of a human being.
Since this is accepted by the Muhammadans as part of the previous divine revelations, then they should not at the same time throw insults and aspersions on the Jews, from whom they plundered this information.
6. While the Quran tells its followers that Allah is capable of everything and can bestow or deny his mercies on anyone, its interpreters do their best to give these verses a different and contradictory spin to suit their twisted and untenable explanations.
If the Almighty wanted to visit His preferred people in any shape or form, then it is obvious that He can do so. Muhammad repeatedly made it very clear in many verses of the Quran that is exactly what Allah is capable of.
Showing Himself in a physical manner does not in any way shape or form detract from His majesty or His divinity.
It was only because of Muhammad's 'mis understanding' of his concept of God
- Who does not reveal Himself in any way shape or manner to His prophets except through messengers, inspiration or from behind a veil - that he attacks the Biblical version of God's interaction with the prophets.
7. Never anywhere in the whole of the traditions of the Jews have they associated any other being with God and especiall not Ezra.
No Muhammadan on the face of the planet can show such a tradition or document to prove this obscene mendacity.
It is because of Muhammad's total misunderstanding of the Hebrew language as to who and what Ezra the Scribe was and did as described in the Bible, that he based his insulting and ignorant allegation regarding him.
8. After all the attacks made by Muhammad and his followers against the Pagans and the People of the Book, it was Muhammad and his followers after all, who 'Islamised' by incorporating every single tradition and fetish of the pagan Arabs.
Every Muhammadan who performs any or all the elements of the Hajj at the Ka'ba, actually follows the traditions and fetishes of the most hated people in the Quran, the pagan Arabs. All acts such as:
Raka'a; Isjad; Circumambulation; Ihram; Tawaf; kissing the Black Stone; Ablutions; Sacrifices; calling the name of Allah etc, etc, were pagan traditions of the so called Jahiliya period, the most vilified by Muhammad and the most emulated, copied and very conveniently and readily wrapped up in the mantle of 'Islam' by him and his followers.
9. There is not one single new, practical and spiritual precept, concept, idea or thought in the whole of the Quran that has not been plagiarised, plundered, pirated and or perverted from the Bible, New Testament, Zoroasterian religion, pagan Arabian religion, their Scriptures, their traditions and or their fetishes.
10. It is not true that Muhammad was able to answer all the questions asked of him especially those from the Jews and Christians.
In fact, the former, always gave him serious problems since it was blatantly clear to them that he was using their theological precepts, perverting and changing them and finally arrogating them to himself, as if they were his own inventions.
That is why he received a very convenient 'revelation' forbidding his followers from asking him any questions regarding his 'revelations'
5: 101 O ye who believe! ask not questions about things which if made plain to you may cause you trouble. But if ye ask about things when the Qur'an is being revealed they will be made plain to you: Allah will forgive those: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving Most Forbearing.
102 Some people before you did ask such questions and on that account lost their faith. ***
Maududi Sura IntroductionsSurah 2. Al-Baqara See Section
Why the name AL-BAQARAH? AL-BAQARAH (the Cow) has been so named from the story of the Cow occurring in this Surah (vv. 67-73). It has not, however, been used as a title to indicate the subject of the Surah. It will, therefore, be as wrong to translate the name Al-Baqarah into "The Cow" or "The Heifer" as to translate any English name, say Baker, Rice, Wolf etc., into their equivalents in other languages or vice versa, because this would imply that the Surah dealt with the subject of "The Cow". Many more Surahs of the Quran have been named in the same way because no comprehensive words exist in Arabic (in spite of its richness) to denote the wide scope of the subject discussed in them. As a matter of fact all human languages suffer from the same limitation.
Sequence
Though it is a Madani Surah, it follows naturally a Makki Surah Al-Fatihah, which ended with the prayer: "Show us the straight way". It begins with the answer to that prayer, "This is the Book (that) . . . is guidance. The greater part of Al-Baqarah was revealed during the first two years of the Holy Prophet's life at Al-Madinah. The smaller part which was revealed at a later period has been included in this Surah because its contents are closely related to those dealt with in this Surah. For instance, the verses prohibiting interest were revealed during the last period of the Holy prophet's life but have been inserted in this Surah. For the same reason, the last verses (284-286) of this Surah which were revealed at Makkah before the migration of the Holy Prophet to Al-Madinah have also been included in it.
Theme: Guidance
This Surah is an invitation to the Divine Guidance and all the stories, incidents etc., revolve round this central theme. As this Surah has particularly been addressed to the Jews, many historical events have been cited from their own traditions to admonish and advise them that their own good lies in accepting the Guidance revealed to the Holy Prophet. They should, therefore, be the first to accept it because it was basically the same that was revealed to Prophet Moses (Allah's peace be upon him).
*** As usual, the interpreters of the Quran have no choice but to deceive, to contort and to pervert both history and veracity to achieve their objective of justifying all and every nefarious action committed or sanctioned by Muhammad.
The implausibility that different verses 'revealed' at different times for different reasons could be 'made' to belong to and fit any Surah, shows an incredible level of desperation forcing them to completely disregard morality, honesty and truth.
The same Muhammadans who accuse the 'Jews' of having tampered with the Torah, are guilty of heinous distortions of their Quran, which are after all, the words of Muhammad and never of Allah***
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 6.38 Narrated bySahl bin Sad: The Verse
"And eat and drink until the white thread appears to you distinct from the black thread," was revealed, but: "... of dawn" was not revealed (along with it) so some men, when intending to fast, used to tie their legs, one with white thread and the other with black thread and would keep on eating till they could distinguish one thread from the other. Then Allah revealed "... of dawn," whereupon they understood that meant the night and the day.
*** The idea of the white thread is plagiarised from Rabbinical traditions ***
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 6.346 Narrated byAbdullah
It (i.e., the imagined smoke) was because, when the Quraish refused to obey the Prophet, he asked Allah to afflict them with years of famine similar to those of (Prophet) Joseph. So they were stricken with famine and fatigue, so much so that they ate even bones. A man would look towards the sky and imagine seeing something like smoke between him and the sky because of extreme fatigue.
So Allah revealed:
"Then watch you for the Day that the sky will bring forth a kind of smoke plainly visible, covering the people; this is a painfull of torment." (44.10-11)
Then someone (Abu Sufyan) came to Allah's Apostle and said, "O Allah's Apostle! Invoke Allah to send rain for the tribes of Mudar for they are on the verge of destruction." On that the Prophet said (astonishingly) "Shall I invoke Allah) for the tribes of Mudar? Verily, you are a brave man!" But the Prophet prayed for rain and it rained for them. Then the Verse was revealed:
"But truly you will return (to disbelief)." (44.15) (When the famine was over and) they restored prosperity and welfare, they reverted to their ways (of heathenism) whereupon Allah revealed:
"On the Day when We shall seize you with a Mighty Grasp. We will indeed (then) exact retribution." (44.16) The narrator said, "That was the day of the Battle of Badr."
Sahih Muslim HadithHadith 228 Narrated byAbuHurayrah
When it was revealed to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): "To Allah belongs whatever is in the Heavens and whatever is Earth and whether you disclose that which is in your mind or conceal it, Allah will call you to account according to it. Then He forgives whom He pleases and chastises whom He please; and Allah has power over everything" (ii.284), the Companion of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) felt it to be hard and severe. They came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and kneeling down, said: Messenger of Allah, we were assigned some duties which were within our power to perform, such as prayer, fasting, struggling (in the cause of Allah), charity. Then this (the above-mentioned) verse was revealed unto you and it is beyond our power to live up to it. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: Do you intend to say what the people of two books (Jews and Christians) said before you: "We hear and disobey"? You should rather say: "We hear and we obey, (we seek) Thy forgiveness, our Lord! And unto Thee is the return." And they said: "We hear and we obey, (we seek) Thy forgiveness, our Lord! and unto Thee is the return." When the people recited it and it flowed smoothly from their tongues, then Allah revealed immediately afterwards: "The apostle believes in that which is sent down unto him from his Lord, and so do the believers. Each one believes in Allah, His angels, His Books and His apostles, saying: We differentiate not between any of His apostles; and they say: We hearken and we obey; (we seek) Thy forgiveness, our Lord! And unto Thee is the return" (ii.285). When they did that, Allah abrogated this (verse) and the Great, Majestic Allah revealed: "Allah burdens not a soul beyond its capacity. It receives every good that it earns and it suffers every ill that it earns. Our Lord, punish us not if we forget or make a mistake." (The Prophet said): Yes, our Lord! do not lay on us a burden as Thou didst lay on those before us. (The Prophet said:) Yes, our Lord, impose not on us (burdens) which we have not the strength to bear. (The Prophet said:) Yes, and pardon us and grant us protection! And have mercy on us. Thou art our Patron, so grant us victory over the disbelieving people" (ii.286). He (the Lord) said: Yes.
Sunan of Abu-DawoodHadith 2159 Narrated byAbdullah Ibn Abbas
Misunderstood (the Qur'anic verse, "So come to your tilth however you will")--may Allah forgive him. The fact is that this clan of the Ansar, who were idolaters, lived in the company of the Jews who were the people of the Book. They (the Ansar) accepted their superiority over themselves in respect of knowledge, and they followed most of their actions. The people of the Book (i.e. the Jews) used to have intercourse with their women on one side alone (i.e. lying on their backs). This was the most concealing position for (the vagina of) the women. This clan of the Ansar adopted this practice from them. But this tribe of the Quraysh used to uncover their women completely, and seek pleasure with them from in front and behind and laying them on their backs. When the muhajirun (the immigrants) came to Medina, a man married a woman of the Ansar. He began to do the same kind of action with her, but she disliked it, and said to him: We were approached on one side (i.e. lying on the back); do it so, otherwise keep away from me. This matter of theirs spread widely, and it reached the Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him). So Allah, the Exalted, sent down the Qur'anic verse: "Your wives are a tilth to you, so come to your tilth however you will," i.e. from in front, from behind or lying on the back. But this verse meant the place of the delivery of the child, i.e. the vagina.
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 2.706 Narrated byUrwa
I asked 'Aisha : "How do you interpret the statement of Allah: 'Verily! (the mountains) As-Safa and Al-Marwa are among the symbols of Allah, and whoever performs the Hajj to the Ka'ba or performs 'Umra, it is not harmful for him to perform Tawaf between them (Safa and Marwa.)' (2.158). By Allah! (it is evident from this revelation) there is no harm if one does not perform Tawaf between Safa and Marwa." 'Aisha said, "O, my nephew! Your interpretation is not true. Had this interpretation of yours been correct, the statement of Allah should have been, 'It is not harmful for him if he does not perform Tawaf between them.' But in fact, this divine inspiration was revealed concerning the Ansar who used to assume Ihram for worshipping an idol called 'Manat' which they used to worship at a place called Al-Mushallal before they embraced Islam, and whoever assumed Ihram (for the idol), would consider it not right to perform Tawaf between Safa and Marwa.
When they embraced Islam, they asked Allah's Apostle (p.b.u.h) regarding it, saying, 'O Allah's Apostle! We used to refrain from Tawaf between Safa and Marwa.' So Allah revealed: 'Verily; (the mountains) As-Safa and Al-Marwa are among the symbols of Allah.' " Aisha added, "Surely, Allah's Apostle set the tradition of Tawaf between Safa and Marwa, so nobody is allowed to omit the Tawaf between them." Later on I ('Urwa) told Abu Bakr bin 'Abdur-Rahman (of 'Aisha's narration) and he said, "I have not heard of such information, but I heard learned men saying that all the people, except those whom 'Aisha mentioned and who used to assume Ihram for the sake of Manat, used to perform Tawaf between Safa and Marwa."
When Allah referred to the Tawaf of the Ka'ba and did not mention Safa and Marwa in the Qur'an, the people asked, "O Allah's Apostle! We used to perform Tawaf between Safa and Marwa and Allah has revealed (the verses concerning) Tawaf of the Ka'ba and has not mentioned Safa and Marwa. Is there any harm if we perform Tawaf between Safa and Marwa?" So Allah revealed: "Verily As-Safa and Al-Marwa are among the symbols of Allah." Abu Bakr said, "It seems that this verse was revealed concerning the two groups, those who used to refrain from Tawaf between Safa and Marwa in the pre-Islamic period of ignorance and those who used to perform the Tawaf then, and after embracing Islam they refrained from the Tawaf between them as Allah had enjoined Tawaf of the Ka'ba and did not mention Tawaf (of Safa and Marwa) till later after mentioning the Tawaf of the Ka'ba."
*** Again and again, one finds hundreds of instances wherein Allah justifies and explains away, by divine decree, whatever Muhammad needed or wanted at any time he sought his 'guidance' to such an extent that even Aisha his child bride made such a pertinent remark of amazement***
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 6.311 Narrated byAisha
I used to look down upon those ladies who had given themselves to Allah's Apostle and I used to say, "Can a lady give herself (to a man)?" But when Allah revealed: "You (O Muhammad) can postpone (the turn of) whom you will of them (your wives), and you may receive any of them whom you will; and there is no blame on you if you invite one whose turn you have set aside (temporarily)," (33.51) I said (to the Prophet),
"I feel that your Lord hastens in fulfilling your wishes and desires."
*** Aisha, a totally innocent teenager, hit the nail on the head by marvelling at such incomprehensible intimacy and spontaneity between Allah and Muhammad.
This single verse, among all the tomes of all the Ahadith, makes clear the faucity and impossibility that Allah, who has, presumably, a whole Universe to contend with, was fully responsive to the beck and call of Muhammad ***
Sahih Al-Bukhari HadithHadith 6.505 Narrated byAnas bin Malik
Allah sent down His Divine Inspiration to His Apostle continuously and abundantly during the period preceding his death till He took him unto Him. That was the period of the greatest part of revelation; and Allah's Apostle died after that.
Sunan of Abu-DawoodHadith 2731 Narrated byAbdullah ibn Abbas
The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) said on the day of Badr: He who does such-and-such, will have such-and such. The young men came forward and the old men remained standing near the banners, and they did not move from there. When Allah bestowed victory on them, the old men said: We were support for you. If you had been defeated, you would have returned to us. Do not take this booty alone and we remain (deprived of it). The young men refused (to give), and said: The Apostle of Allah (peace be upon him) has given it to us. Then Allah sent down: "They ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war, Say: (Such) spoils are at the disposal of Allah and the Apostle......Just as they Lord ordered thee out of thy house in truth, even though a party among the believers disliked it." This proved good for them. Similarly obey me. I know the consequence of this better than you.
Sahih Muslim HadithHadith 2801 Narrated byJabir ibn Abdullah
AbuNadrah reported: Ibn Abbas commanded the performance of Mut'ah (putting on Ihram for Umrah during the months of Dhul-Hijjah and after completing it, then putting on Ihram for Hajj), but Ibn Zubayr forbade to do it. I made a mention of it to Jabir ibn Abdullah and he said: It is through me that this hadith has been circulated. We entered into the state of Ihram as Tamattu' with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him).
When Umar was installed as Caliph, he said:
Verily Allah made permissible for His Messenger (peace be upon him) whatever He liked and as He liked.
And (every command) of the Holy Qur'an has been revealed for every occasion. So accomplish Hajj and Umrah for Allah as Allah has commanded you, and confirm by (proper conditions) the marriage of those women (with whom you have performed Mut'ah) And any person would come to me with a marriage of appointed duration (Mut'ah), I would stone him (to death). Qatadah narrated this hadith with the same chain of transmitters saying (That Umar also said): Separate your Hajj from Umrah , for that is the most complete Hajj, and complete your Umrah.
*** It beggars belief that anyone with intelligence, studying the Quran and Ahadith could ever come to the conclusion that the Quran was inspired by any Merciful & Compassionate Divinity.
Yet there are hundreds of millions of Muhammadan Muslims who believe, not because of any detailed knowledge, but because thay are fully dependant upon the 'wisdom', veracity and 'ilm'/knowledge of their leaders and their Mullas ***
